If you need to get a list of keytab principals through Java code, you can use the sun.security.krb5.internal.ktab.KeyTab class:
KeyTab keyTab = KeyTab.getInstance(keyTabFilePath);
Set<String> principals = Arrays.stream(keyTab.getEntries())
.map(KeyTabEntry::getService)
.map(s -> String.join("@", s.getNameString(), s.getRealmAsString()))
.collect(Collectors.toSet());
log.info("principals={}", principals);
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